Bio-bibliographie (anglais)

États-Unis

David Karl

Prix Balzan 2015 pour l'océanographie

Pour ses contributions fondamentales à la compréhension du rôle et de l’importance des microorganismes dans l’océan et du contrôle que ces derniers et le phytoplancton exercent sur les cycles océaniques du carbone, de l’azote et du fer. Ses travaux ont fourni des éclaircissements significatifs sur les changements climatiques.

David Michael Karl, born in Buffalo, New York on 9 May 1950, is a US citizen.
Professor of Oceanography at the School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, he is the Director of the University’s Center for Microbial Oceanography: Research and Education.

He earned his BA in Biology in 1971 from the State University College at Buffalo, New York, his MS in Biological Oceanography in 1974 from Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, and his PhD in Oceanography in 1978 from the University of California, San Diego, Scripps Institution of Oceanography.

He served as a lead author for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report in 2014, is a Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Investigator and is one of the leaders in the application of novel molecular approaches to understanding microbial biodiversity and ecosystem function.

He has received numerous national and international honors and awards, including membership in the US National Academy of Science and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Fellow of the American Association of Microbiology and the American Geophysical Union, a White House Presidential Young Investigator Award, and the G.E. Hutchinson, A.G. Huntsman, H.B. Bigelow and A. Agassiz medals for his scientific contributions. In the course of his career, David Karl has spent more than three years at sea, including 23 expeditions to Antarctica.

Among his most significant scientific publications:

Karl, DM and MJ Church. 2014. Microbial oceanography and the Hawaii Ocean Time-series programme. Nature Reviews Microbiology 12: 699-713.

Karl, DM. 2014. Microbially mediated transformations of phosphorus in the sea: New views of an old cycle. Annual Reviews of Marine Science 6: 279-337.

Karl, DM, MJ Church, JE Dore, RM Letelier and C Mahaffey.
2012. Predictable and efficient carbon sequestration in the North Pacific Ocean supported by symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 109: 1842-1849.

Johnson, KS, SC Riser and DM Karl. 2010. Nitrate supply from deep to near surface waters of the North Pacific subtropical gyre. Nature 465: 1062-1065.

Dore, JE, R Lukas, DW Sadler, MJ Church and DM Karl. 2009. Physical and biogeochemical modulation of ocean acidification in the central North Pacific. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 106: 12235-12240.

Karl, DM, L Beversdorf, KM Björkman, MJ Church, A Martinez and EF De- Long. 2008. Aerobic production of methane in the sea. Nature Geoscience 1:73-478.

Karl, DM. 2007. Microbial oceanography: paradigms, processes and promise.000 Nature Reviews Microbiology 5: 759-769.

Delong, EF, CM Preston, T Mincer, V Rich, SJ Hallam, NU Frigaard, A Martinez, MB Sullivan, R Edwards, BR Brito, SW Chisholm and DM Karl. 2006. Community genomics among stratified microbial assemblages in the ocean’s interior. Science 311: 496-503.

Delong, EF and DM Karl. 2005. Genomic perspectives in microbial oceanography.
Nature 437: 336-342.

Dore, JE, R Lukas, DW Sadler and DM Karl. 2003.
Climate-driven changes to the atmospheric CO2 sink in the subtropical North Pacific Ocean. Nature 424:754-757.

Karl, DM, EA Laws, P Morris, PJ leB Williams and S Emerson. 2003. Metabolic balance of the open sea. Nature 426: 32.

Karner, MB, EF DeLong and DM Karl. 2001. Archaeal dominance in the mesopelagic zone of the Pacific Ocean. Nature 409: 507-510.

Karl, DM, RR Bidigare and RM Letelier. 2001. Long-term changes in plankton community structure and productivity in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre: The domain shift hypothesis. Deep-Sea Research II 48: 1449-1470.

Wu, J, W Sunda, EA Boyle and DM Karl. 2000. Phosphate depletion in the western North Atlantic Ocean. Science 289: 759-762.

Karl, DM, DF Bird, K Björkman, T Houlihan, R Shackelford and L Tupas. 1999. Microorganisms in the accreted ice of Lake Vostok, Antarctica. Science 286:2144-2147.

Karl, DM. 1999. A sea of change: Biogeochemical variability in the North Pacific subtropical gyre. Ecosystems 2: 181-214.

Karl, DM, R Letelier, L Tupas, J Dore, J Christian and D Hebel. 1997. The role of nitrogen fixation in biogeochemical cycling in the subtropical North Pacific Ocean. Nature 388: 533-538.

Karl, DM and R Lukas. The Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT) Program: Back- ground, rationale and field implementation. 1996. Deep-Sea Research (part II) 43; 129-156.

Karl, DM, R Letelier, D Hebel, L Tupas, J Dore, J Christian and C Winn. 1995.Ecosystem changes in the North Pacific subtropical gyre attributed to the 1991-92 El Niño. Nature 373: 230-234.

Karl, DM and BD Tilbrook. 1994. Production and transport of methane in oceanic particulate organic matter. Nature 368: 732-734.

Karl, DM, GM McMurtry, A Malahoff and MO Garcia. 1988. Loihi Seamount Hawaii: A mid-plate volcano with a distinctive hydrothermal system. Nature 335: 532-535.

Karl, DM, GA Knauer and JH Martin.1988. Downward flux of particulate organic matter in the ocean: A particle decomposition paradox. Nature 332:438-441.

Karl, DM, GA Knauer, JH Martin and BB Ward. 1984.
Bacterial chemolithotrophy in the ocean is associated with sinking particles. Nature 309: 54-56.

Karl, DM, CO Wirsen and HW Jannasch. 1980. Deep-sea primary production at the Galapagos hydrothermal vents. Science 207: 1345-1347.

Karl, DM. 1980. Cellular nucleotide measurements and applications in microbial ecology. Microbiological Reviews 44: 739-796.

For David Michael Karl’s full cv and bibliography, see: http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/lab/dkarl.html

(October 2015)